Marco Polo is an "easily modifiable game", and is based on the notion of call-and-response. The term "Marco Polo game" is sometimes used to describe an online game where a similar call-and-response system of gameplay is adopted. Various regions have their own versions of the game, with names such as Mermaid on the Rocks and Alligator. In modern times, Marco Polo is played worldwide. It did not reach swimming pools in the United Kingdom until later, likely from British children returning from Hong Kong for their studies. By the mid-1970s, the game had spread and become very popular in swimming pools frequented by expatriates living in Hong Kong. Between 19, some respondents to a Dictionary of American Regional English survey, when asked to name a game played in the water, responded with "Marco Polo". Marco Polo was known as a water game in America by the 1960s. The game shares similar traits with blind man's bluff, an essentially identical game played on dry land which dates back to at least the 16th century. Although water polo is another popular pool game, the name of "Marco Polo" is apparently unrelated. There does not appear to be any real connection between the game and the explorer of the same name, although according to one whimsical explanation, "legend has it that the famed explorer didn't really have a clue as to where he was going", this being reflected in the "It" player's behavior. The game shares its name with the 13th-century Italian trader and explorer Marco Polo. While playing one cannot hold another player in place to be tagged or that person is it. It is similar to blind man's buff, where one person is blindfolded while others choose hiding places around the room. The game can also be played on land, with slightly modified rules. If "It" suspects that a player has left the pool, they can shout "Fish out of water!" and the player who is out of the pool becomes the new "It". If a player is tagged, then that player becomes "It". The player who is "It" shouts "Marco" and the other players must all respond by shouting "Polo", which the "It" player uses to try to find them. The "It" player, with closed eyes, tries to find and tag any one of the other players, relying on hearing to find someone to tag.
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